Everything about Elizabeth De Burgh totally explained
Elizabeth de Burgh (c.
1289 –
October 27,
1327) was the second wife of
Robert I of Scotland (Robert the Bruce).
She was born in
Dunfermline,
Fife,
Scotland as the daughter of the powerful
Richard Óg de Burgh, 2nd Earl of Ulster and his wife Margarite de Burgh (d.
1304). Her father was a close friend of
Edward I of England.
Elizabeth probably met
Robert the Bruce at the English court, and they married in
1302 at
Writtle, near
Chelmsford,
Essex,
England. Robert and Elizabeth were crowned as King and Queen of Scots at
Scone on
March 27 1306. This coronation took place in defiance of the English claims of suzerainty over Scotland, and the new King sent Elizabeth, with other family members, to
Kildrummy Castle for safety under the protection of his brother Nigel.
After the defeat of the Scots at the
Battle of Methven on
19 June 1306, the English laid siege to the castle containing the royal party. The siege finally succeeded when the English bribed a blacksmith with "all the gold he could carry" to set fire to the corn store. The victors hanged and beheaded Bruce's brother, along with all the men from the castle. They imprisoned Bruce's sister Mary and
Isabel, Countess of Buchan in wooden cages erected on the walls of
Berwick and
Roxburgh castles, and they sent Bruce's 10-year-old daughter
Marjorie Bruce to a
convent. Due to Edward's unwillingness to anger the Earl of Ulster, Elizabeth went into house arrest in England.
She was held from October 1306 to July 1308 at
Burstwick-in-
Holderness,
Yorkshire and then transferred to Bisham Abbey,
Berkshire until March 1312. From there, she was moved to Windsor Castle until October 1312, Shaftesbury Abbey, Dorset until March 1313,
Barking Abbey, Essex until March 1314, and Rochester Castle, Kent until June 1314. After the
Battle of Bannockburn, she was moved to York while prisoner exchange talks took place. At York, she'd an audience with King
Edward II of England. Finally, in November, 1314, she was moved to Carlisle just before the exchange and her return to Scotland.
She didn't approve of her husband's rebellion: she described him and his followers as having been "like children, playing at being Kings and Queens."
Elizabeth gave birth to two sons and two daughters: John, Matilda, Margaret, and David (the future king
David II of Scotland). Elizabeth died on
October 27 1327 at
Cullen Castle,
Banffshire and is buried in Dunfermline. Her husband died 20 months later.
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